![]() Additionally, the Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, shear modulus and toughness are obtained by simulated ab initio tensile tests. With the decrease of Li concentration, the charge depletion in the bonding regions increases, indicating a weaker Co-O bond strength. Bond strength is also studied by investigating partial density of states and charge density difference. The observed lithium concentration dependence and anisotropy is explained by analyzing the charge transfer using Bader charge analysis. Strong anisotropy of mechanical properties between a-axis and c-axis in LixCoO2 is identified at low lithium concentrations, and the anisotropy decreases with increasing lithium concentrations. During lithium intercalation process, the Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, shear modulus and the ultimate strength increase with increasing lithium concentration. Zhang's team has a $20,000 grant from the IU Office of the Vice President for Research, along with a matching grant for student support from the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the School of Engineering and Technology at IUPUI.The mechanical properties of LixCoO2 under various Li concentrations and the associated anisotropy have been systematically studied using the first principles method. "Copper is reusable and easy to clean, very affordable, and environmentally friendly." "I think this can be used on a daily basis while also being applied to other systems, such as air vent filters in buildings and airplanes, that require long-term use," Zhang said. Graduate students in Zhang's group, Xuehui Yang and Tejesh Dube, are also assisting on the project. Fellow collaborator Ryan Ford Relich, director of clinical microbiology and serology at Eskenazi Health, is helping in laboratory tests that will hopefully lead to a working prototype by October. Two approaches to creating that are using a green-laser metal 3D printer to directly reproduce the complex copper structure or, in an even more economical way to create the design, 3D-printing a plastic structure followed by electroplating, in which the 3D-printed plastic component is merged in a liquid solution full of copper ions and the ions are migrated and cover the surface under electric field.Ĭollaborator Jingzhi Pu, from the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology in the School of Science at IUPUI, is continuing to look at how copper ions deactivate the function of the virus using molecular dynamics simulations. In the prototype, a ring with V-shape "fins," an analogous structure to the gill filament, was designed to increase the surface area where air passes through more channels. "We know how nature works, so we had to figure out how we could make that into an artificial structure," said Zhang, whose research interests in 3D printing came into play. Gills allow fish to draw oxygen from water, and that design is incorporated into the prototype mask. The challenge was to find a structure that blocks out tiny aerosol particles while also providing proper ventilation for breathing, and nature had an answer - the gills on fish. "We can use copper plating to cover some frequently touched surfaces such as doorknobs and elevator buttons that inspired me to see how we could combine what looks like almost a magic metal into a mask design." Department of Defense, said that a copper alloy can kill 58 percent of infections," said Zhang, an associate professor in the Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering. That's what Jing Zhang of the School of Engineering and Technology at IUPUI and a team of researchers are doing, using a copper coating on 3D-printed plastic filters to create more-efficient masks and respirators. So might copper be incorporated into the construction of masks, the universally accepted virus-fighting personal item? In the ongoing fight against COVID-19, experts on microbiology and copper are recommending an expanded use of the metal to reduce the virus's spread. Copper Coating on 3D-Printed Plastic Filters Proposed as a Pandemic Fighter
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